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An increase was seen in mental health conditions and self-harm and suicide for partners and adult children of stroke survivors.
Findings seen across a range of mental health and somatic disorders
Small delayed benefit seen for loneliness, but larger improvements seen in perceived stress
The findings were seen across cardiometabolic common mental disorder and mortality outcomes.
An increased risk was seen for atrial fibrillation and cerebrovascular disease, among others.
Moderate reductions in depression were seen for walking or jogging, yoga, strength training, mixed aerobic exercises, tai chi or qigong.
No differences in availability were seen based on diagnosis of patient-level characteristics.
The authors say that the findings support efforts to improve social isolation and loneliness.
The findings are strongest for individuals with overweight or obesity.
Daytime or natural light may offer a protective effect, however.